Bezoar stones, hardened masses found in the stomachs of animals like goats or deer, were highly prized in medieval pharmacology. The Legend of the Bezoar Bezoars were believed to have magical properties that could neutralize any poison. They were often ground into powder or embedded in jewelry

Perhaps the most infamous medieval medical practice was bloodletting — the deliberate withdrawal of blood to balance the body's humors. The Theory of Humors Medieval medicine was dominated by the humoral theory, which posited that health depended on the balance of four bodily fluids

Medicine in the Middle Ages was a curious blend of ancient knowledge, superstition, religion, and natural observation. Before the advent of modern science and germ theory, medieval healers relied on a mix of herbal concoctions, magical rituals, and sometimes downright strange ingredients. Among the

National and Regional Tensions Medieval universities sometimes suffered outbreaks of violence, often tied to national or regional rivalries among students. For example, at the University of Paris, tensions between students from different countries could erupt into riots, as seen in the "U